GNSS-IR測量水位的精度評估和站點(diǎn)對比：以中國南海北部和日本南部站點(diǎn)為例

作者：葉脈1  李琳琳1 2  彭冬菊3  王培濤4  邱強(qiáng)5 6 7

單位：1. 中山大學(xué)地球科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院, 廣東省地球動(dòng)力作用與地質(zhì)災(zāi)害重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室, 廣東 珠海 519082; 2. 南方海洋科學(xué)與工程廣東省實(shí)驗(yàn)室(珠海), 廣東 珠海 519082; 3. 香港理工大學(xué)土地測量及地理資訊學(xué)系, 香港 999077; 4. 國家海洋環(huán)境預(yù)報(bào)中心, 北京 100081; 5. 中

關(guān)鍵詞：GNSS-IR 長期水位 風(fēng)暴潮 反演影響因素

分類號：P731.34

出版年·卷·期（頁碼）：2024·41·第一期（61-73）

摘要：

通過南海北部和日本多個(gè)實(shí)例，量化分析影響近岸全球衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)干涉反射計(jì)（GNSS-IR）反演潮位或風(fēng)暴潮過程效果的主要影響因素。結(jié)果表明：接收機(jī)所能接收的衛(wèi)星信號波段數(shù)量、反射信號功率對反演的時(shí)間分辨率和精度影響巨大。研究以香港HKQT站點(diǎn)為例量化多模多頻GNSS-IR監(jiān)測風(fēng)暴潮的優(yōu)勢，同時(shí)展示日本J425站點(diǎn)在潮位站空缺地區(qū)記錄完整風(fēng)暴潮波形的能力。分別針對衛(wèi)星信號接受波段、硬件配置、臺站架設(shè)位置和架設(shè)高度等因素，對未來架設(shè)具有測量海平面能力的近岸GNSS站點(diǎn)提供具體的指導(dǎo)意見。

In this study, we quantitatively analyze the factors influencing the inversion accuracy of tide or storm surge processes at several representative nearshore GNSS（Global Navigation Satellite System）stations in the northern South China Sea and Japan. Our findings indicate that the number of satellite signal bands received by the receiver and the power of the reflected signal significantly affect the time resolution and accuracy of the inversion. This research quantifies the benefits derived from employing multi-mode and multi-frequency GNSS monitoring for storm surges in the Hong Kong HKQT station. Furthermore, it highlights the capability of the Japanese J425 site to capture a comprehensive storm surge waveform in regions lacking tide stations. In addition, this study offers specific recommendations for future deployment of nearshore GNSS stations equipped with sea level measurement capabilities, taking into consideration factors such as satellite signal receiving bands, hardware configurations, station installation locations, and installation heights.

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