東中國(guó)海海溫在增暖停滯期的變化特征及成因分析

作者：張琪1  龍景超2

單位：1. 國(guó)家海洋局天津海洋環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)中心站, 天津市海洋環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)預(yù)報(bào)中心, 天津 300457; 2. 廣東海洋大學(xué) 海洋與氣象學(xué)院/南海海洋氣象研究院, 廣東 湛江 524088

關(guān)鍵詞：中國(guó)近海 海表溫度 增暖停滯期 凈熱通量 黑潮

分類號(hào)：P731.11

出版年·卷·期（頁(yè)碼）：2021·38·第一期（78-82）

摘要：

通過(guò)HadSST3原始觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)和HadISST1重組數(shù)據(jù)，分析了東中國(guó)海海溫在增暖停滯期（1998—2014年）的變化特征。研究表明：兩組數(shù)據(jù)的海溫變化特征和程度相似。在增暖停滯期，渤海、黃海和東海海溫線性趨勢(shì)主要表現(xiàn)為負(fù)，降溫最多的集中在長(zhǎng)江口附近，約-1℃。渤海、黃海及東海部分區(qū)域的凈熱通量對(duì)海溫降低起正作用，而在東海黑潮區(qū)海洋的凈熱通量對(duì)海溫降低起負(fù)作用，黑潮入侵的減弱可能是東海海表溫度下降的主要原因。在增暖停滯期，海溫變化趨勢(shì)具有較顯著的區(qū)域性季節(jié)特征。春季海溫幾乎呈現(xiàn)全海盆的下降趨勢(shì)，尤以長(zhǎng)江口附近下降最多，可達(dá)-1.4℃；夏季海溫下降趨勢(shì)較春季減弱，下降最多的地區(qū)主要集中在渤海；秋季渤海海溫下降較明顯；冬季海溫變化主要在長(zhǎng)江口沿岸，渤黃海海溫的變化并不明顯。

In this study, the trends of SST over the eastern China seas in the warming hiatus period (1998-2014) are analyzed using the un-interpolated dataset HadSST3 and the reconstructed dataset HadISST1. The results show that the SST in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea and East China Sea mainly reveals a decreasing trend during the warming hiatus period with the maximum value of about -1℃ near the Yangtze River estuary. The net heat flux plays a positive role in the decrease of SST in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea and part of the East China Sea. However, it plays a negative role in the Kuroshio area of the East China Sea, where the weakening of Kuroshio intrusion may be the main reason for the decrease of SST. The trend of SST variation reveals significant regional and seasonal characteristics during the warming hiatus period. In spring, the SST shows a decreasing trend over almost the whole eastern China seas, especially for the area near Yangtze River estuary where the SST decreases by about -1.4℃. The decreasing trend of SST in summer is weaker than that in spring, and the most decreasing area is mainly in the Bohai Sea. In autumn, the SST in the Bohai Sea decreases significantly. In winter, the SST variation is mainly along the Yangtze River Estuary, while it is not significant in the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea.

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