2016年10月11—19日東南太平洋一次溫帶氣旋過(guò)程分析

作者：李秀鎮(zhèn)1  宋盛凱1  郭文明2  鐘劍1  李博3

單位：1. 中國(guó)衛(wèi)星海上測(cè)控部, 江蘇 江陰 214431; 2. 91876 部隊(duì)氣象臺(tái), 河北 秦皇島 066203; 3. 青島市城陽(yáng)區(qū)氣象局, 山東 青島 266100

關(guān)鍵詞：東南太平洋 溫帶氣旋 渦度平流 溫度平流

分類(lèi)號(hào)：P443

出版年·卷·期（頁(yè)碼）：2020·37·第二期（19-28）

摘要：

利用美國(guó)國(guó)家環(huán)境預(yù)報(bào)中心發(fā)布的FNL資料、紅外衛(wèi)星云圖資料和船測(cè)資料，對(duì)2016年10月17—19日某船舶在東南太平洋遭遇的一次溫帶氣旋過(guò)程進(jìn)行研究，以此為大洋航線上溫帶氣旋預(yù)報(bào)保障能力提高積累經(jīng)驗(yàn)。結(jié)果表明：（1）溫帶氣旋A由繞極槽北伸切斷發(fā)展而來(lái)，自西向東移動(dòng)過(guò)程中在南太平洋大洋中部與另一氣旋B合并加強(qiáng)對(duì)船舶航行造成影響；（2）氣旋A初生階段，大氣低層旋轉(zhuǎn)程度較強(qiáng)；成熟發(fā)展階段在近地面、大氣上層旋轉(zhuǎn)程度較強(qiáng)；當(dāng)氣旋B初生發(fā)展時(shí)，氣旋A中心附近自500 hPa以下為絕對(duì)渦度小值區(qū)，其上為絕對(duì)渦度大值區(qū)，絕對(duì)渦度垂直軸線向近B一側(cè)傾斜；（3）槽后及氣旋中心附近正渦度平流與槽前隨高度增強(qiáng)的暖平流共同促使氣旋發(fā)展。

The characteristic of an extratropical cyclone named A over the Southeast Pacific in 11-19 Oct 2016 is investigated using NCEP FNL data, HIMAWARI and GOES infrared satellite imagery. It is found that cyclone A developed from the polar trough and moved eastward. It merged with another cyclone named B in the middle of the south Pacific and affected the navigation of ships. A relatively high degree of rotation had been found in the lower atmosphere during the initial phase of cyclone A, while the rotation was stronger both at the lower and upper atmosphere in its mature phase. When cyclone B was developed, the absolute vorticity of cyclone A was small below 500 hPa and large above 500 hPa, and the vertical axis of absolute vorticity was inclined to cyclone B. The factors, which dominated the cyclonic development including the warm advection increased with altitude, and the positive vorticity advection after the trough and near the center of the cyclone.

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