冀東油田作業(yè)海區(qū)大風(fēng)特征分析及氣象信息應(yīng)用研究

作者：蔣琳琳1 2  龍強(qiáng)3  王鋒3 4  米欣悅3  王暢3

單位：1. 冀東油田志達(dá)公司, 河北 唐山 063015; 2. 中國石油大學(xué)(北京), 北京 102249; 3. 唐山市曹妃甸區(qū)氣象局, 河北 唐山 063000; 4. 唐山市氣象局, 河北 唐山 063015

關(guān)鍵詞：大風(fēng) 天氣系統(tǒng) 大浪 經(jīng)驗 釋用

分類號：P732.1

出版年·卷·期（頁碼）：2019·36·第二期（38-44）

摘要：

利用冀東油田作業(yè)海區(qū)2013年12月-2014年11月的觀測數(shù)據(jù)，分析了東、西、南部海區(qū)的大風(fēng)特征，對產(chǎn)生大風(fēng)的天氣形勢作了分型，并針對風(fēng)、浪的專業(yè)站點(diǎn)觀測值和現(xiàn)場人工經(jīng)驗觀測值之間的差異作了對比分析，提出了釋用方法。結(jié)果表明：（1）南部海區(qū)年大風(fēng)日數(shù)最多，約為150 d，西部海區(qū)最少，約為100 d；（2）大風(fēng)的季節(jié)性分布整體呈兩峰兩谷的趨勢，5、11月是大風(fēng)日數(shù)最多的月份；（3）各海區(qū)大風(fēng)風(fēng)向均以NW、WNW和ENE、E為主導(dǎo)風(fēng)向，呈現(xiàn)出非常明顯的"極端化"分布；（4）低槽冷鋒是產(chǎn)生大風(fēng)日數(shù)最多的天氣系統(tǒng)，約占所有個例的一半；（5）專業(yè)自動站觀測的風(fēng)力均比現(xiàn)場人工經(jīng)驗觀測的風(fēng)力小，可提高1~3個等級后用于實際作業(yè)，自動觀測的浪高普遍比人工觀測的浪高小，可通過增加修正值或使用線性關(guān)系式予以運(yùn)用。

Using the observation data in the Jidong Oilfield operation sea area from December 2013 to November 2014, the characteristics of gale in its eastern, western and southern regions are analyzed, and the weather conditions that generate gale are categorized. Meanwhile, comparison on the wind and wave values is made between station observations sand on-site manual observations, based on which an application and interpretation method is proposed. The results show that the gale occurs most frequently in the southern region with about 150 days a year, while it occurs least frequently in the west region with around 100 days a year. The seasonal distribution of gale presents two peaks and two troughs, and gale occurs most frequently in May and November. The wind direction of all sea areas is dominated by NW, WNW and ENE and E. The gale weather is mainly driven by low trough cold front, which account for nearly half of all cases. The wind power observed by professional automatic station is smaller than on-site manual observation. As a result, the station observation could be enlarged by 1-3 levels before applied to practical operation. The automatically observed wave height is generally smaller than that observed manually, and the data can be used by adding corrections or being linearized.

參考文獻(xiàn)：

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