上海近海一次典型海霧過程分析及數(shù)值模擬

作者：鄧云勻1  沈心儀2  胡松1  劉旺3  徐一凱1

單位：1. 上海海洋大學海洋科學與生態(tài)環(huán)境學院, 上海 201306; 2. 上海市海洋監(jiān)測預報中心, 上海 200062; 3. 上海海洋氣象臺, 上海 200003

關(guān)鍵詞：海霧 上海近海 WRF模式 數(shù)值模擬

分類號：P732.2

出版年·卷·期（頁碼）：2025·42·第四期（48-59）

摘要：

基于站點實測數(shù)據(jù)、ERA5再分析數(shù)據(jù)、FNL再分析數(shù)據(jù)以及COMS衛(wèi)星云圖對2018年3月27日—4月1日發(fā)生在上海近海的一次海霧事件過程進行分析，并利用WRF模式從長波輻射方案、邊界層方案以及海表溫度3個方面進行敏感性試驗。結(jié)果表明：海霧的維持與高壓后部及低壓前部的天氣形勢緊密相關(guān)；冷高壓南下是海霧天氣結(jié)束的重要原因；邊界層方案為MYNN2方案、長波輻射方案為RRTMG方案時，對氣象要素模擬的定量評估效果最佳；針對霧區(qū)范圍的定性分析表明，YSU方案與RRTMG方案的組合略優(yōu)于MYNN2與RRTMG方案的組合；降低海表溫度時模擬的霧區(qū)范圍增大，對輕霧的影響更顯著；濃霧階段，有利于海霧發(fā)展的湍流動能為0.1～0.4 m2/s2，輕霧階段則約為0.1 m2/s2。

Based on the station measured data, ERA5 reanalysis data, FNL reanalysis data and COMS satellite cloud maps, we analyze a sea fog event occurring offshore Shanghai during March 27—April 1, 2018, and carry out sensitivity tests using the WRF model to study the event from three aspects, i. e. the longwave radiation scheme, the boundary layer scheme, and the sea surface temperature. The results are as follows: The maintenance of the sea fog event closely relates to the weather conditions at the high pressure rear and the low pressure front; The southward movement of the cold high pressure is an important reason for the decay of the event; The simulation of meteorological elements performs best in the quantitative evaluation when uses MYNN2 for the boundary layer and RRTMG for the longwave radiation; The simulation using YSU and RRTMG performs better than that using MYNN2 and RRTMG in the qualitative assessment of the fog area; The decrease of SST leads to the increase of simulated fog area, which has a stronger impact on the light fog; The turbulence kinetic energy of 0.1～0.4 m2/s2 is favorable for the development of dense fog, and the value is about 0.1 m2/s2 for the development of light fog.

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